Correlation between Complete Blood Count Parameters and Severity of Coronary Atherosclerosis in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome Detected by Coronary Angiography

Mahmoud, Hossam Eldin M; Ahmed, Ahmed Elsharawy; Sefein, Nermeen Rasheed; Mahmoud, Shimaa Abd Allah Ahmed

doi:10.21608/svuijm.2025.356818.2099

Correlation between Complete Blood Count Parameters and Severity of Coronary Atherosclerosis in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome Detected by Coronary Angiography

Document Type : Original research articles

Authors

¹ Internal Medicine Department, Cardiology Division, Faculty of Medicine, Qena, Egypt.

² Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.

³ Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Qena University, Egypt.

⁴ Internal Medicine Department, Hematology Division, Faculty of Medicine, Qena University, Egypt

10.21608/svuijm.2025.356818.2099

Abstract

Background: Acute coronary syndromes (ACS), including STEMI, NSTEMI, and unstable angina, involve reduced blood supply to the heart. Inflammatory markers like leukocytosis and CRP contribute to ACS and atherosclerosis. Complete cell count (CBC) parameters predict long-term outcomes, and CT coronary angiography is useful for low-risk chest pain patients.
Objectives: To examine the correlation between CBC parameters and coronary artery disease severity in ACS patients using coronary angiography.
Patients and methods: This cross-sectional study at Qena University Hospitals included 100 ACS patients with atherosclerosis aged ≥18. Exclusion criteria included chronic coronary syndrome and hematological or immunological disorders. CBC, lipid profile, HbA1c, and renal function tests were collected. Coronary angiography assessed severity using the Gensini score, classifying patients into mild (1-29) or severe (≥30) atherosclerosis.
Results: The mean age 47.3 ± 7.29 years. 71% were males. Mean BMI was 29.38 ± 5.02 Kg/m². 29% had diabetes, 25% had hypertension, and 29% were smokers. The mean Gensini score was 61.72 ± 43.28; 34% had mild and 66% had severe atherosclerosis. Severe cases had higher BMI, hypertension, RDW, WBC count, platelet indices, NLR, cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, FBG, HbA1c, urea, and creatinine (P < 0.0001 for all). The Gensini score correlated with BMI, RDW, cholesterol, triglycerides, FBG, HbA1c, and MPV (P < 0.0001 for all).
Conclusion: Elevated RDW, WBC count, NLR, MPV, PDW, lipid levels, poor glycemic control, and renal impairment markers were linked to severe atherosclerosis in ACS patients.

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