Effects of serum leptin level and combined pharmacological treatments on obese women having premenstrual tension syndrome: A randomized controlled trial

Background: Premenstrual tension syndrome (PTS) includes recurrent behavioural, psychological, and physical symptoms usually related to the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Leptin hormone might have an impact on its development.
Objectives: to investigate the effects of serum leptin level versus combined pharmacological treatments on obese women having premenstrual tension syndrome.
Patients and methods: This study enrolled 60 obese women having PTS, divided into a younger (18–39 years old) and an older (40–48 years old) age group versus an age-matched healthy control group. Each group contained 30 women.  Ethical committee approval and participants’ agreements were done. Leptin levels in the serum of all women were estimated. Nervousness was measured as a psychosomatic PTS symptom using a numerical rating scale.
Results: Obese women with PTS had significantly increased serum leptin compared to the control group (p < 0.05). A calorie-restricted diet, walking activities, metformin, amiloride/hydrochlorthiazide, and Vitazinc or Royal Vitamin G were among the combined treatments that significantly (p < 0.01) reduced the elevated serum leptin. The rating level of nervousness rose significantly (p < 0.001) in women with PTS. Using the combined therapies improved all of that much better. Such combined therapy significantly decreased serum leptin levels in conjunction with the decrease in nervousness ratings (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: PTS is more strongly associated with obesity and has been connected to elevated serum leptin levels, which were associated with elevated anxiety. Metformin, amiloride/hydrochlorthiazide, vitazinc, calorie-restriction diet, and 30 minutes of daily walking exercise were the combination of prescribed therapy that greatly normalized that to a satisfactory level.